Basic knowledge of air export operation,Allytrans Logistics Co., Ltd

Basic knowledge of air export operation

Calculation of air freight

（1） Billing weight: according to the regulations of the airline, when the cargo is small and heavy, it shall be calculated according to the actual weight; When the cargo is large and the weight is small, it shall be calculated by volume. In centralized consignment, a batch of goods consists of several different goods, including light and heavy goods. The billing weight shall be the total gross weight or total volume weight of the whole batch of goods, whichever is higher.

（2） Types of airline rates and charges

1.Rates: the fees charged by the carrier for the specified weight unit (or volume) for transporting goods are called rates. Freight rate refers to air to air charges between airports, excluding other charges charged by carriers, agents or airports.

2. Transportation charges: the transportation cost of each batch of goods payable by the consignor or consignee calculated according to the applicable freight rate is called freight.

3. Airlines charge international air freight according to the three zoning rates formulated by the International Air Transport Association. Zone I mainly refers to North and South America, Greenland, etc; Zone 2 mainly refers to Europe, Africa, Iran, etc; The three regions mainly refer to Asia and Australia

4. There are four main types of air freight rates:

(a) general cargo rate (GCR);

(b) Special cargo rate; SPECIFIC COMMODITY RATE“SCR”）；

(d) Class rate of goods (class rate "CCR");

(e) Unified freight rates (UCR)

（3） Minimum freight: it is the minimum freight that an airline can accept for handling a batch of goods, regardless of the weight or volume of the goods, and the minimum amount that should be charged for transporting a batch of goods between two points. Different regions have different minimum freight rates.

（4） Other provisions on freight rates: various air freight rates and fees have the following common points:

a. Freight rates refer to moving from one airport to another. And only for a single direction.

b. Excluding other additional costs. Such as delivery, customs declaration, delivery and storage expenses, etc.

c. Freight rates are usually published in local currency.

d. The freight rate is generally calculated in kilograms or pounds.

e. The freight rate in the air waybill is the freight rate applicable on the date of issuing the waybill.

Dimensional requirements for air cargo transportation

The weight of each cargo carried by non wide body aircraft generally does not exceed 80 kg and the volume generally does not exceed 40 kg × sixty × 100 cm. The weight of each cargo carried by a wide body aircraft generally does not exceed 250 kg and the volume generally does not exceed 100 kg × one hundred × 140 cm. For the cargo exceeding the above weight and volume, the carrier can determine the maximum weight and volume of the cargo according to the model and the loading and unloading equipment conditions of the airport of departure and destination.

The sum of length, width and height of each cargo shall not be less than 40 cm.

List of price components of international air transport:

1. Airfreight freight (charged by air logistics companies, i.e. Airlines)

2. Fuel sur charge (the price will fluctuate according to different airports and destinations)

3. Security inspection fee (charged by the airport)

4. Airport operation fee (charged by the airport)

5. Terminal fee (the primary agent will not solicit goods directly from the cargo owner. Generally, there are air freight forwarders soliciting goods, and then the air freight forwarders concentrate the goods in the hands of the primary agent. The primary agent is responsible for punching boards and other matters, and this part of the fee is finally handed over to the airport)

6. Main air bill fee (usa20 / BL is the cost of issuing the bill of lading - Certificate of title)

Key points for international air freight price inquiry:

1. Name of goods transported by air (determine whether they are dangerous goods)

2. Weight and volume of air cargo (main reference value of air freight charge)

3. Packaging of goods transported by air (including wooden cases, iron cases, paper cases and plastic packaging. If it is a wooden case, pay attention to whether there is a pallet)

4. Destination airport (whether it is the base point, direct or transshipment, which will also lead to the fluctuation of air transportation cost)

5. Required time for air transportation (there is uncertainty in the time interval between direct flight and transfer flight)

6. Required flight (the price of the flight will fluctuate with the booking time and season)

7. Type of bill of lading (main document and sub document)

8. Required transportation services (international air transport requires customs declaration, agency documents, customs clearance and other services)

Terms commonly used in international air transport:

1. ATA / ATD (actual time of arrival / actual time of department): abbreviation of actual arrival / departure time.

2. Unaccompanied baggage (unaccompanied): baggage that is not carried with you but checked in, and baggage that is checked in.

3. Air waybill (AWB): a document issued by or in the name of the shipper, which is the certificate of cargo transportation between the shipper and the carrier.

4. Bulk cargo: bulk cargo not loaded on pallets or containers.

5. Cao (cargo for freighteronly): the abbreviation of "cargo aircraft only", which means that it can only be carried by cargo aircraft.

6. Bonded warehouse: in this warehouse, or goods can be stored without time limit without paying import duties.

7. Charges collect: the fees charged to the consignee shall be listed on the air waybill.

8. Charges prepaid: the fees paid by the shipper shall be listed on the air waybill.

9. Chargeable weight: used to calculate the weight of air freight. The billing weight can be the volume weight, or the total loading weight minus the weight of the vehicle when the goods are loaded in the vehicle.

10. CIF (cost, insurance and freight): refers to "cost, insurance and freight", i.e. C & F plus the seller's insurance for loss and damage to the goods. The seller must sign a contract with the insurer and pay the premium.

11. Consignment: when the carrier receives one or more goods from the shipper at a certain time and place and carries them to a certain destination with a single air waybill.

12. Consignor: equivalent to the shipper.

13. Consignee: the person whose name is listed on the air waybill to receive the goods transported by the carrier.

14. Consolidator: the person or organization that consolidates goods into consolidated goods.

15. Consolidated consignment: a batch of goods composed of goods consigned by two or more shippers. Each shipper has signed an air transport contract with the consolidation agent.